Parashat Vayigash

 

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Love unites the idea with the human reality

 

 

 

 Translated from Hebrew by S. NAthan

l'ilui nishmat Esther bat mordechai

 

 

 

What is love?

  

 

In the haftara (Yehezkel 37) the prophet tells of God’s promise to unite the kingdom of Yehuda with the kingdom of Yisrael.  “Behold, I take Yosef’s tree…and I put upon them Yehuda’s tree, and I make them one tree, and they shall be one in My hands.”

 

It appears from the prophet’s vision that union is possible only through Godly intervention.  Union is not possible if the the two sides merely take the initiative on their own.  To understand this, we must investigate the love factor, because only in this way can we understand the problems besetting this parasha.

 

For example:

 

Why did Yosef not send his father the good news that he was alive the moment he rose to greatness, and it was in his power to do so.  For an understanding of this issue, we must clarify a difficult question: What was there exactly in Yehuda’s words that brought Yosef to the breaking point?  Was it Yehuda the King’s willingness to serve as a slave to Yosef in Binyamin’s place? 

 

How did Yosef interpret this offer?  Did he see it as the realization of his dreams?  Or did he take another view of it?  Was it only emotional, or is there a conceptual explanation here, a logical continuity of conceptual development, in keeping with the conceptual process that has been systematically developing from the beginning of the narrative until the present moment in our parasha.

 

Midat Hadin Without Love.

The Rule of the Law

Legal Dictatorship: German Brutality Disguised as “Enlightenment”

 

There are two approaches to the idea of truth. 

Midat hadin, the measure of judgment: Long live ideas that are never confused by facts, never bothered by human neccessity. 

Midat harahamim, the measure of compassion.  The human element alone determines the borders of truth.

 

There is no justification for ideas that come as a substitute for human needs.  According to midat hadin, long live the idea, even at the expense of the human factor.

 

Yosef represents the human approach.  The brothers represent the idea, the ideational, the ideological approach.  The highest point, the apex of the human approach, is love. 

 

It is interesting to try to comprehend the relationship of love to truth.  On the surface it would appear that the measure of judgement reinforces truth – and that truth reinforces the measure of judgement.  The straight and narrow and uncompromising path of the measure of judgment reinforces truth.

 

However, does this “reinforced” measure of truth not partake of brutality?  Could such a truth ever be interested in attaining reciprocity?  Furthermore, does not reciprocity really partake of compromise, and of sometimes yielding its own righteous position?

 

Any trace of brutality is in opposition to and is a cancellation of truth.  It replaces truth, because truth’s power lies in objectivity, in a complete lack of vested interests in either direction.

 

Truth determines its own place.  There lies its power. 

 

In contrast, if we examine the relationship of truth to compassion, we seem to find that compassion prevents truth’s expression, and weakens it – which is not the case with the relationship of truth to love.

 

While compassion is to be found in love, love is not always to be found in  compassion, for compassion runs the risk of being an expression for weakness.

 

“Love Covers Over all Crimes”

Love as Presence

 

The love object fills the lover’s entire experience of existence.  It is a presence, in all its aspects, both positive and negative.  As the lover loves every sign of the love’s one’s presence – even the mess he makes; as the mother who is not repelled by her infant’s excrement.

 

“He saw an image of his father’s likeness.” 

Yosef Attaches Love to Truth. 

 

Egla Arufa – The Beheaded Calf: The ceased presence of the host: The ba’al habayit had welcomed the wayfaring guest, but he had not escorted hin after he left his house.  It was a lack of presence, a lack of love that had caused the wayfarer’s murder at the hands of robbers roaming the deserted streets outside the city.

 

Yosef – who loves – breaks down, and decides to reveal himself to brothers, at the moment that Yehuda the King, the proud and powerful, demonstrates his willingness to humiliate himself and be a slave.  Yosef sees this as a sign of love’s presence.  It is love’s presence that enables Yehuda to sacrifice himself for Binyamin.

 

The image of the father – its presence – is what causes Yehuda to offer himself.  And thus Yosef decides that he too will reveal the presence of his own love. 

 

He first reveals it in the context of his father: “I am Yosef.  Is my father still alive?”  Meaning, does our father’s presence yet exist for you as it does for me?

 

They are alarmed, because they have never yet encountered the measure of love in their full consciousness.  Only a spark of it has glimmered in Yehuda, and this too not yet at the level of presence, of an entity present in one’s consciousness.

 

Reciprocity, empathy, and absolutely identifying with the loved one: Yehuda experiences it in relation to his father.  Yosef, in relation to his brothers: “It is not you who sold me, but rather only God.”  The identification with the Lord’s presence covers and glides over their wicked plot.  “Love shall cover over all crimes.”

 

Z’donot hofchim lizchuyot.  Deliberate sins turn into virtues for one who returns to God out of love.

 

Dimension of Height

 

“And you shall love your fellow as yourself – I am God.”  Only with, and through the dimension of Godly height can love be possible, in that God constitutes the angle of vision from which things are seen by the man created in God’s image – as opposed to the competitive, flesh and blood creature.

 

It means seeing events from the Godly view.  Through the Godly plan, and not from a narrow, base perspective of self-preservation by diminishing and hating one’s fellow human beings.

 

It is important to note that our parasha contains only the very beginning signs of a love that is as yet unaware.  Love’s presence requires a two-directional course.  One direction is not enough, as the Christians have it, in which love comes down from above.  Sinful humans – as they believe – are incapable of loving.

 

The reason there can be no love in one direction is that it lacks the identifying through reciprocity.  It therefore lacks presence, because whoever cannot bestow love cannot receive love either.

 

The dimension of God was transformed into presence, began to be a presence only at Sinai, at the Gift of the Torah.  “And God came down on the mountain.”  This process begins in compulsion/fear and culminates in love only at the time of Megilat Esther, when “they upheld in love what they had received in fear.”

 

Love – A Process of development that includes A) reciprocating through B) identifying.  C) Through presence.  D) Through the dimension of height, values, sanctity.  A positive, constructive attitude…

 

Practically speaking, the effort of developing midat ha’ahava  is different for every person.  A simple, coarse person must actually begin through fear.  Only in this way can he begin to attach himself and belong.  The drive and the necessity must come from the outside.

 

For a person of finer feelings and character, the process begins through love, specifically.  Through love of God and love of the other.  For some, it is love of God specifically (for those with a tendency toward spirituality and sanctity) and for others (for those who are more human) it is through love of the other, specifically.

 

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